Chemie - The Facts

Chemie - The Facts

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By Bojanna Shantheyanda, Sreya Dutta, Kevin Coscia and David SchiemerDynalene, Inc. Fluid cooling, which can be accomplished using indirect or direct methods, is made use of in electronics applications having thermal power densities that might surpass secure dissipation via air cooling. Indirect fluid cooling is where heat dissipating digital parts are literally separated from the fluid coolant, whereas in situation of direct air conditioning, the components are in straight contact with the coolant.


Nevertheless, in indirect cooling applications the electrical conductivity can be important if there are leaks and/or spillage of the fluids onto the electronics. In the indirect cooling applications where water based liquids with rust preventions are usually utilized, the electric conductivity of the fluid coolant mostly depends upon the ion focus in the liquid stream.


The rise in the ion focus in a shut loop liquid stream may occur because of ion leaching from metals and nonmetal parts that the coolant fluid is in call with. During procedure, the electrical conductivity of the fluid might enhance to a degree which could be hazardous for the cooling system.

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(https://www.dreamstime.com/betteanderson_info)They are bead like polymers that can trading ions with ions in a solution that it is in call with. In the here and now job, ion leaching examinations were performed with different metals and polymers in both ultrapure deionized (DI) water, i.e. water which is treated to the highest degree of purity, and reduced electrical conductive ethylene glycol/water blend, with the determined change in conductivity reported gradually.


The examples were allowed to equilibrate at area temperature for 2 days prior to recording the first electric conductivity. In all tests reported in this study liquid electric conductivity was gauged to a precision of 1% using an Oakton CON 510/CON 6 series meter which was calibrated before each dimension.

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from the wall heating coils to the facility of the heating system. The PTFE example containers were positioned in the heater when stable state temperatures were gotten to. The test configuration was gotten rid of from the furnace every 168 hours (seven days), cooled to area temperature level with the electrical conductivity of the fluid determined.


The electric conductivity of the fluid sample was kept an eye on for a total amount of 5000 hours (208 days). Number 2. Schematic of the indirect shut loophole cooling down experiment set-up - dielectric coolant. Table 1. Components used in the indirect closed loophole cooling down experiment that touch with the fluid coolant. A schematic of the experimental configuration is shown in Figure 2.


Before starting each experiment, the test setup was washed with UP-H2O several times to eliminate any kind of contaminants. The system was filled with 230 ml of UP-H2O and was allowed to equilibrate at space temperature level for an hour before videotaping the initial electric conductivity, which was 1.72 S/cm. Liquid electrical conductivity was determined to a precision of 1%.

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The change in fluid electric conductivity was monitored for 136 hours. The liquid from the system was accumulated and kept.


Table 2 shows the test matrix that was utilized for both ion leaching and shut loop indirect air conditioning experiments. The adjustment in electrical conductivity of the fluid samples when stirred with Dowex combined bed ion exchange material was measured.


0.1 g of Dowex material was included in 100g of fluid examples that was taken in a different container. The combination was stirred and transform in the electrical conductivity at room temperature was gauged every hour. The measured adjustment in the electric conductivity of the UP-H2O and EG-LC test liquids containing polymer or metal when immersed for 5,000 hours at 80C is shown Number 3.

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Figure 3. Ion leaching experiment: Calculated change in electric conductivity of water and EG-LC coolants having either polymer or steel examples when submersed for 5,000 hours at 80C. The results show that steels added fewer ions right into the liquids than plastics in both UP-H2O and EG-LC based coolants. This could be because of a thin steel oxide layer which may act as a barrier to ion leaching and cationic diffusion.




Liquids containing polypropylene and HDPE displayed the most affordable electric conductivity adjustments. This might be as a result of the brief, inflexible, linear chains which are less likely to add ions than longer branched chains with weak intermolecular forces. Silicone additionally performed well in both examination fluids, as polysiloxanes are normally chemically inert due to the high bond energy of the silicon-oxygen bond which would avoid degradation of the product into the liquid.

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It would be anticipated that PVC would produce similar outcomes to those of PTFE and additional resources HDPE based on the similar chemical structures of the materials, nonetheless there might be other impurities existing in the PVC, such as plasticizers, that may influence the electrical conductivity of the liquid - therminol & dowtherm alternative. In addition, chloride groups in PVC can also seep into the test liquid and can trigger a rise in electric conductivity


Buna-N rubber and polyurethane showed indications of destruction and thermal disintegration which recommends that their possible utility as a gasket or sticky product at higher temperature levels can cause application problems. Polyurethane completely broke down into the test liquid by the end of 5000 hour test. Number 4. Before and after photos of metal and polymer samples immersed for 5,000 hours at 80C in the ion leaching experiment.


Measured adjustment in the electrical conductivity of UP-H2O coolant as a function of time with and without resin cartridge in the closed indirect air conditioning loop experiment. The measured adjustment in electric conductivity of the UP-H2O for 136 hours with and without ion exchange material in the loop is received Figure 5.

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